advance
advance
別の表記
advaunce
語源
From Middle English avauncen, avancen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman avauncer, avancer, avancier (French avancer), from Vulgar Latin *abantiāre, from Late Latin abante, from Latin ab + ante (“before”). ⟨d⟩ added in analogy to Latin ad- (cf. Middle French advancer). Compare avaunt.
発音
(Received 発音, Southern England) IPA(key): /ədˈvɑːns/
(米国発音) IPA(key): /ədˈvæns/
(General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA(key): /ədˈvaːns/
韻: -ɑːns, -æns
動詞
advance (三人称単数 現在形 advances, 現在分詞 advancing, 過去形および過去分詞形 advanced)
To promote or advantage.To help the progress of (something); to further. [from 12th c.]2018, Kareem Shaheen, The Guardian, 26 January:Some see it as in effect the end of the Syrian uprising that began with peaceful protests against Assad’s police state in 2011, with opposition fighters working to advance Turkey’s interests at the expense of the revolution’s goals.
To raise (someone) in rank or office; to prefer, to promote. [from 14th c.]1611, The Bible, Authorized (King James) Version, Esther III.1:After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.
1838, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the CatholicThis, however, was in time evaded by the monarchs, who advanced certain of their own retainers to a level with the ancient peers of the land […]
To move forward in space or time.To move or push (something) forwards, especially forcefully. [from 14th c.]1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost:Whence and what art thou, execrable shape, / That dar'st, though grim and terrible, advance / Thy miscreated front athwart my way / To yonder gates?
To make (something) happen at an earlier time or date; to bring forward, to hasten. [form 15th c.]1820 March, [Walter Scott], chapter III, in The Monastery. A Romance. [...] In Three Volumes, volume II, Edinburgh: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Co., and John Ballantyne, […], OCLC 892089409, page 95:[S]in and sorrow it were, considering the hardships of this noble and gallant knight, no whit mentioning or weighing those we ourselves have endured, if we were now either to advance or retard the hour of refection beyond the time when the viands are fit to be set before us.
(intransitive) To move forwards; to approach. [from 16th c.]1829, Marchioness of Lemington, Rosina, or the Virtuous Country Maid, Ninth ed.:I advanced towards him step by step, stopping sometimes for fear of waking him.
To provide (money または other value) before it is due, or in expectation of some work; to lend. [from 16th c.]1869, Anthony Trollope, Phineas Finn:“I had intended to ask you to advance me a hundred pounds,” said Phineas.
1871, James William Gilbart, The Principles and Practice of Banking:On the urgent representations of several parties of the first importance in the City of London, the bank advanced 120,000l. to the Governor and Company of the Copper Miners […].
To put forward (an idea, argument etc.); to propose. [from 16th c.]1711, Alexander Pope, An Essay on Crticism:Some ne'er advance a Judgement of their own, / But catch the spreading notion of the Town […].
(intransitive) To make progress; to do well, to succeed. [from 16th c.]2014, Andrew Sparrow, The Guardian, 24 April:Earlier the caller said men were more likely to be in senior positions. Clegg says that's partly because the current maternity leave arrangements make it difficult for women to advance in the workplace.
(intransitive) To move forward in time; to progress towards completion. [from 16th c.]1927, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Case-book of Sherlock Holmes:I can promise you that you will feel even less humorous as the evening advances.
To raise, be raised.(transitive, now archaic) To raise; to lift or elevate. [from 14th c.]c. 1611, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, I.2:The fringed Curtaines of thine eyes aduance.
To raise or increase (a price, rate). [from 14th c.]1924, The Times, 16 July:In February last […] bakers advanced the price of bread sold over the counter in London from 8d. to 8½d. per quartern loaf.
To increase (a number または amount). [from 16th c.]
(intransitive) To make a higher bid at an auction. [from 18th c.]
同意語
raise, elevate, exalt, aggrandize, improve, heighten, accelerate, allege, adduce, assign
反意語
regress
retract (in phonetics)
派生語
advancement
in advance
in advance of
名詞
advance (複数形 advances)
A forward move; improvement or progression.an advance in health or knowledge
an advance in rank or office
An amount of money or credit, especially given as a loan, or paid before it is due; an advancement.1917, James Joyce, Dubliners (Counterparts)Could he ask the cashier privately for an advance? No, the cashier was no good, no damn good: he wouldn't give an advance.
1780, John Jay, letter dated November 21I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances.
An addition to the price; rise in price or value.an advance on the prime cost of goods
(in the plural) An opening approach or overture, now especially of an unwelcome or sexual nature.1708, Jonathan Swift, The Sentiments of a Church of England Man with Respect to Religion and GovernmentFor, if it were of any use to recall matters of fact, what is more notorious, than that prince's applying himself first to the church of England? and upon their refusal to fall in with his measures, making the like advances to the dissenters of all kinds, who readily and almost universally complied with him
1918, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Land That Time Forgot, chapter 4:As the sun fell, so did our spirits. I had tried to make advances to the girl again; but she would have none of me, and so I was not only thirsty but otherwise sad and downhearted.
1923, Walter de la Mare, Seaton's AuntI felt vaguely he was a sneak, and remained quite unmollified by advances on his side, which, in a boy's barbarous fashion, unless it suited me to be magnanimous, I haughtily ignored.
1945, Tom Ronan, Strangers on the Ophir, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 59:[A]nd Rosamund though quite a genteelly brought up young lady had responded to his advances by slapping his face.
反意語
(forward move): regress, regression
形容詞
advance (comparative more advance, superlative most advance)
Completed before necessary or a milestone event.He made an advance payment on the prior shipment to show good faith.
precedingThe advance man came a month before the candidate.
forwardThe scouts found a site for an advance base.
